Troubleshooting

Bud Rot & Mold: Spotting Botrytis and Powdery Mildew

These are the two failures that can ruin a finished crop in the last weeks, and both are won or lost on early recognition. Bud rot (botrytis) attacks from inside the cola, so by the time the outside looks wrong, a lot is already gone. Powdery mildew works on the surface, spreading as a white dust you can catch while it is still cosmetic. This is a safety page: learn the early signatures, and know which flower to discard.

The rule with both: dense canopy plus humid, stagnant air is the trigger. Airflow and humidity control prevent far more than any spray cures.

Bud rot (botrytis) Rots colas from the inside out — grey-brown, cottony decay hidden under a healthy surface.
Powdery mildew Spreads on the surface as a white, flour-like dust that wipes off but returns fast.
The shared trigger Dense buds, high humidity, and still air. Open the canopy and move the air.
Bud rot

Botrytis hollows a cola from the inside.

A healthy cola is firm, bright, and resin-coated. Bud rot turns the core grey-brown and cottony while the outside can still look fine — which is why you have to open suspect buds, not just glance at them. The comparison below is the recognition you want burned in.

Comparison of a healthy dense cannabis cola beside one infected with grey-brown bud rot.
A healthy cola is firm and bright; bud rot leaves grey-brown, cottony decay and crumbling, discolored bracts.

Caught at the first wilted inner leaf, you can cut well below the infection and save the plant. Left to spread, it consumes the cola and jumps to its neighbors. Track the progression:

Early bud rot inside a cannabis cola: the first grey-brown fuzz and a single wilted leaf deep in the bud.
Early: one wilted inner leaf and a wisp of grey fuzz hidden deep inside an otherwise healthy cola.
Moderate bud rot: grey-brown rot hollowing out a noticeable section of a cannabis cola from the inside.
Moderate: a section of the cola is visibly hollowed, grey-brown, and crumbling when opened.
Severe bud rot: a cannabis cola largely consumed by grey-brown, dusty botrytis decay.
Severe: most of the cola is grey-brown dust and dead tissue — discard it and check every neighboring bud.
Powdery mildew

A white dust that starts cosmetic and ends in the buds.

Powdery mildew reads as a white, flour-like coating on leaf surfaces. Early on it wipes away — but it returns fast in stale, humid air, and once it reaches the buds the flower is compromised. The early stage is the one you want to catch.

Early powdery mildew: the first faint white powdery spots appearing on a cannabis fan leaf.
Early: the first faint white spots on the leaf surface — wipe-able and easy to miss, but the moment to act.
Moderate powdery mildew: white powdery patches spreading across several cannabis fan leaves.
Moderate: white patches merge across leaves and start creeping toward the buds.
Severe powdery mildew: cannabis leaves and bud sites coated in a white powdery fungus.
Severe: a heavy white coating on leaves and bud sites — flower at this stage is compromised.
Safety call

Which flower is safe, and which has to go.

Situation Call
Any grey-brown rot inside a cola Discard that bud and everything touching it. Do not try to dry or cure rotten flower.
Powdery mildew on fan leaves only, caught early Remove affected leaves, fix airflow and humidity, and watch closely.
Powdery mildew on the buds Treat that flower as compromised — mildew on consumed flower is not worth the risk.
Mold appears after harvest, in the jar A curing problem, not a grow problem — see common curing mistakes.

Bud rot and mold questions

How do I check for bud rot without destroying good buds?

Inspect the densest colas first, since they trap moisture. Gently part the bud and look for any wilted, discolored inner leaf or grey fuzz; a healthy core is bright and resinous. You only need to open buds that look or feel off — soft spots, a sudden single dead leaf, or a faint musty smell are your cues.

Can I save a plant once I find bud rot?

Often yes, if you catch it early. Cut well below the infected site with clean tools, remove the material from the room entirely, and lower humidity and improve airflow immediately. Then check neighboring colas daily — botrytis spreads to whatever it touches.

Is powdery mildew the same as trichome frost?

No, and confusing them is common. Trichomes are glassy, dome-tipped, and evenly cover buds and sugar leaves; powdery mildew is a flat, matte white dust that sits on the surface, often on fan leaves first, and wipes away. If it smudges off and comes back, it is mildew.